Association Between Enterovirus Infections and Type 1 Diabetes in Different Countries

karri · Nov 15, 2016

TLDR;
"The results of this study support the hypothesis that enterovirus infections may
contribute to the development of T1D. CBV1 may especially have a specific role in
triggering and accelerating the disease process. However, confirmation of causality
between the enterovirus infections and the disease needs additional studies, such as
intervention trials with vaccinations or antiviral drugs."

http://tampub.uta.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/99985/978-952-03-0271-9.pdf?sequence=1

karri · Nov 16, 2016

Perhaps related;
"Incomplete immune response to coxsackie B viruses associates with early autoimmunity against insulin"

Viral infections are associated with autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. Here, we asked whether this association could be explained by variations in host immune response to a putative type 1 etiological factor, namely coxsackie B viruses (CVB). Heterogeneous antibody responses were observed against CVB capsid proteins. Heterogeneity was largely defined by different binding to VP1 or VP2. Antibody responses that were anti-VP2 competent but anti-VP1 deficient were unable to neutralize CVB, and were characteristic of children who developed early insulin-targeting autoimmunity, suggesting an impaired ability to clear CVB in early childhood. In contrast, children who developed a GAD-targeting autoimmunity had robust VP1 and VP2 antibody responses to CVB. We further found that 20% of memory CD4+ T cells responding to the GAD65247-266 peptide share identical T cell receptors to T cells responding to the CVB4 p2C30-51 peptide, thereby providing direct evidence for the potential of molecular mimicry as a mechanism for GAD autoimmunity. Here, we highlight functional immune response differences between children who develop insulin-targeting and GAD-targeting autoimmunity, and suggest that children who lose B cell tolerance to insulin within the first years of life have a paradoxical impaired ability to mount humoral immune responses to coxsackie viruses.
Click to expand...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5015062/

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Association Between Enterovirus Infections and Type 1 Diabetes in Different Countries

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Association Between Enterovirus Infections and Type 1 Diabetes in Different Countries

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